| Côte d'Ivoire |
This article is part of the series: |
|
|
|
Other countries · Atlas |
A parliamentary election was held in Côte d'Ivoire on 11 December 2011,[1][2][3] after the presidential election which was held in late 2010. This followed a peace agreement between the government and the New Forces (former rebels) that was signed in March 2007.[4]
Contents |
Following the agreement, the election was planned to be held in the first quarter of 2008.[4] On August 6, 2007, President Laurent Gbagbo said it would be possible, with goodwill and determination, to hold the election as early as December 2007.[5][6] This was greeted with widespread skepticism by observers and the opposition, who said that the preparations for elections would be incomplete at such an early stage.[6] It was announced on September 12, 2007 that the process of voter identification and registration would begin on September 25,[7] and if it went well it was expected to be completed by the end of 2007.[8] On September 13, the President of the Independent Electoral Commission (CEI), Robert Mambe, said that the presidential election should be held, "at the latest", ten months after the end of the identification process, around October 2008,[7] and that the parliamentary election should be held 45 days after the presidential election.[8] On September 18, Gbagbo again expressed his desire to see the elections held quickly and said that he was opposed to the "remote dates" being suggested.[9]
The public hearings of the identification process are intended for about three million people born in Côte d'Ivoire who do not yet have identification papers. The hearings were launched on September 25 and were to be held first in Ouragahio and Ferkessédougou, respectively the home regions of Gbagbo and Prime Minister Guillaume Soro.[10] The French company Sagem was designated as the technical operator of the electoral register in November 2007.[11]
On November 27, 2007, Gbagbo and Soro reached an agreement in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, that the election would be held by the end of June 2008; the electoral commission was to propose the specific date of the election.[12] Gbagbo reiterated on December 19 that the election would be held no later than the end of June 2008, and he said that he would visit all the regions held by the New Forces by March 2008 and would then make a report to the Constitutional Council, which would in turn approve the holding of the election.[13]
French Minister of Foreign Affairs Bernard Kouchner said on January 27, 2008 that the election might be delayed slightly past the end of June deadline due to technical requirements, particularly the need to update voter lists.[14]
While Ouattara and Bédié said that full implementation of the peace agreement, including total disarmament of the New Forces, was not necessary prior to the holding of the election, Pascal Affi N'Guessan, the President of the Ivorian Popular Front (FPI), Gbagbo's party, said that disarmament must be completed before the election.[15]
By March 2008, the common view among observers was that it would be impossible to hold the election as early as June. Although no leading political figures had yet expressed that view, in March Gbagbo referred to the importance of considering actual conditions and said that it would not mean "death" if the election was not held in June.[11]
On April 14, Government Spokesman Amadou Koné announced that the presidential election would be held on November 30, 2008, thus delaying it by five months. According to Koné, the date was chosen by the CEI, which had presented a report to the government. Koné said that the parliamentary election would be held on a different date.[16] Gbagbo expressed enthusiasm on the occasion, describing it as "a great day for Côte d'Ivoire". According to Soro's spokesman Sindou Méité, a "broad consensus" had been reached by Soro and other leading political figures regarding the date. The PDCI and RDR welcomed the announcement of a date, although they remained cautious; the United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire also welcomed it. On the same day, Gbagbo signed a decree outlining the terms of cooperation between the National Institute of Statistics and the French company Sagem, the latter of which is tasked with surveying the population so that voter lists can be updated and new voter cards can be created.[17]
The Ivorian Popular Front boycotted the election,[18] accusing the electoral commission of bias in favour of Alassane Ouattara and accusing the army of intimidating FPI supporters during the campaign.[19] The party also complained of having been limited in informing the electorate, with the pro-FPI newspaper Notre Voie having been banned by the government and many of its journalists arrested or jailed.[20]
Gbagbo supporters defying the boycott participated in the election with the coalition National Congress for the Resistance of Democracy. Ouattara's supporters formed the coalition Houphouetist Rally for Democracy and Peace.[21]
Ouattara's Rally of the Republicans won 127 seats, with his ally Bedie's Democratic Party of Côte d'Ivoire – African Democratic Rally winning 77 seats. 16 seats were won by smaller parties allied with Ouattara. One seat will have to be elected at a later date due to the death of a candidate.[22] The voter turnout was low with 37% of eligible voters casting their vote, reflecting the FPI boycott.
|
||||||||||||||